Inside This Issue
Volume 4, Issue 2 June 2014
A Publication by the
2014 Officersand Directors
Tennessee Association of Drug Court Professionals
TADCPUpdates2BeyondRhetoric2TADCPEvents22014 Recovery CourtCoordinator Training3The President’sCorner3Life SkillsProgram4MembershipApplication4
PresidentMary SchneiderVice PresidentTracye BryantTreasurerBrad PriceSecretaryRick TaylorWest Tennessee DirectorAngela ParkersonMiddle Tennessee DirectorMike LewisEast Tennessee DirectorJudge Charles CernyAt Large DirectorsRon HanaverKevin BattsJill Barrett
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Drug Testing Program Management (DTPM) isproud to be a part of the Tennessee Association of Drug Court Professionals as a corporate sponsor.We will do our best to provide articles of valuerelated to drug testing. Wewould welcome hearing whatyou would like written aboutin the future. Please email usat [email protected].This article addresses someFAQs by our drug court cus-tomers. Drug testing is a tool,a tool that can assist case man-agers, counselors, probationofficers and judges to help make their drug courtmore valuable to their community and the partici-pants by providing early intervention.
DO WE NEED TO CONFIRM:
Urine Drug"screens" should always be confirmed if the donordenies using the drug. All "screens" are basicallydivided into two main groups, Point of caredevices (cups and dips) and laboratory based drugtest. Laboratory screens on a chemistry analyzerare identical technology no matter if it is done atan outside lab or in the drug court office at theirown specialty laboratory. It is important to recognize that "screens" are just that, an initial indication of what is in thedonor’s specimen. The screen itself should beaccurate, but it is important to recognize thataccuracy does not mean 100%. Cups and dipsrequire that the collector read the device to deter-mine if it is positive or negative which increasesthe possibility of error. The sensitivity of thechemistry analyzer should be superior to the cupor dip however it is still not 100%.
FALSE POSITIVE AND CONFIRMATIONTESTS:
First it is important to explain that anegative screen does not mean that "no drug wasin the urine". Drug screens have cutoff levels. Anegative result tells us that there was no drugabove the cutoff that we have set or that was setby the manufacturer of the instant device or cup.When the screen is positive and it is sent forGC/MS or LC/MS confirmation and returns nega-tive it also does not mean that "nothing" was inthe urine. It just means that the particular drugthat we tested for in the confirmation was notthere in the amount that was tested. There aremany reasons this may happen.Dictionary.com defines "FALSE POSITIVE" as"a test result that is incorrect because the test indi-cated a condition or finding that does not exist."DTPM’s position in regard to a "false positive"when using a chemistry analyzer that has beencalibrated properly andpassed all controls is thatthey don’t exist. When youconduct a screen and itreturns a positive result thescreening analyzer hasdetected something.However, we have to realizethat based on dictionary.comit could be true that a posi-tive result for opiate that does not mean 100%that opiates are in the donor’s urine. It does how-ever, we contend, mean that something is reactingto that instrument and reagent. Therefore thismay require further investigation. Confirmations done by GC/MS or LC/MS thatcome back non-confirmed may indicate we arenot testing for the appropriate substances. Forexample a positive Opiate screen sent for confir-mation may not test for all the possible Opiatesunder that class. It is common that the confirma-tion test for two or three substances while thereare actually seven common substances under thatclass. Therefore it is important to assure that yourconfirmation lab is testing for "ExpandedOpiates" or get an exact list of all Opiates they aretesting for.Another common problem is that the level of testing at the confirmation lab may be at work-place standards. Often the large labs test atSAMHSA or DOT levels when actually for thecourt setting you need "LOD" which is Level of Detection.One last issue is of PRE-SCREENING. Manylabs have the policy of screening the specimenfirst before going to LC/MS or GC/MS. Drugcourts often set their levels low. So, if the labpre-screens, these test may never actually go toLC/MS. Always investigate exactly what you are pur-chasing and read carefully the confirmationreport.
The screen itself should be accurate,but it is important to recognize that accuracy does not mean 100%.